Icon from here
Orthodox Metropolis of Zambia & Malawi
The Parable of the Good Samaritan is precipitated by and in answer to a question posed to Jesus by a lawyer. In this case the lawyer would have been an expert in the Mosaic Law and not a court lawyer of today. The lawyer’s question was, “Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?" (Luke 10:25). This question provided Jesus with an opportunity to define what His disciples’ relationship should be to their neighbors. The text says that the scribe (lawyer) had put the question to Jesus as a test, but the text does not indicate that there was hostility in the question. He could have simply been seeking information. The wording of the question does, however, give us some insight into where the scribe’s heart was spiritually. He was making the assumption that man must do something to obtain eternal life. Although this could have been an opportunity for Jesus to discuss salvation issues, He chose a different course and focuses on our relationships and what it means to love.
Jesus answers the question using what is called the Socratic method; i.e., answering a question with a question: “He said to him, ‘What is written in the law? What is your reading of it?’" (Luke 10:26). By referring to the Law, Jesus is directing the man to an authority they both would accept as truth, the Old Testament. In essence, He is asking the scribe, what does Scripture say about this and how does he interpret it? Jesus thus avoids an argument and puts Himself in the position of evaluating the scribe’s answer instead of the scribe evaluating His answer. This directs the discussion towards Jesus’ intended lesson. The scribe answers Jesus’ question by quoting Deuteronomy 6:5 and Leviticus 19:18. This is virtually the same answer that Jesus had given to the same question in Matthew 22 and Mark 12.
In verse 28, Jesus affirms that the lawyer’s answer is correct. Jesus’ reply tells the scribe that he has given an orthodox (scripturally proper) answer, but then goes on in verse 28 to tell him that this kind of love requires more than an emotional feeling; it would also include orthodox practice; he would need to “practice what he preached.” The scribe was an educated man and realized that he could not possibly keep that law, nor would he have necessarily wanted to. There would always be people in his life that he could not love. Thus, he tries to limit the law’s command by limiting its parameters and asked the question “who is my neighbor?” The word “neighbor” in the Greek means “someone who is near,” and in the Hebrew it means “someone that you have an association with.” This interprets the word in a limited sense, referring to a fellow Jew and would have excluded Samaritans, Romans, and other foreigners. Jesus then gives the parable of the Good Samaritan to correct the false understanding that the scribe had of who his neighbor is, and what his duty is to his neighbor.
Photo from here
The Parable of the Good Samaritan tells the story of a man traveling from Jerusalem to Jericho, and while on the way he is robbed of everything he had, including his clothing, and is beaten to within an inch of his life. That road was treacherously winding and was a favorite hideout of robbers and thieves. The next character Jesus introduces into His story is a priest. He spends no time describing the priest and only tells of how he showed no love or compassion for the man by failing to help him and passing on the other side of the road so as not to get involved. If there was anyone who would have known God’s law of love, it would have been the priest. By nature of his position, he was to be a person of compassion, desiring to help others. Unfortunately, “love” was not a word for him that required action on the behalf of someone else. The next person to pass by in the Parable of the Good Samaritan is a Levite, and he does exactly what the priest did: he passes by without showing any compassion. Again, he would have known the law, but he also failed to show the injured man compassion.
The next person to come by is the Samaritan, the one least likely to have shown compassion for the man. Samaritans were considered a low class of people by the Jews since they had intermarried with non-Jews and did not keep all the law. Therefore, Jews would have nothing to do with them. We do not know if the injured man was a Jew or Gentile, but it made no difference to the Samaritan; he did not consider the man’s race or religion. The “Good Samaritan” saw only a person in dire need of assistance, and assist him he did, above and beyond the minimum required. He dresses the man’s wounds with wine (to disinfect) and oil (to sooth the pain). He puts the man on his animal and takes him to an inn for a time of healing and pays the innkeeper with his own money. He then goes beyond common decency and tells the innkeeper to take good care of the man, and he would pay for any extra expenses on his return trip. The Samaritan saw his neighbor as anyone who was in need.
Because the good man was a Samaritan, Jesus is drawing a strong contrast between those who knew the law and those who actually followed the law in their lifestyle and conduct. Jesus now asks the lawyer if he can apply the lesson to his own life with the question “So which of these three do you think was neighbor to him who fell among the thieves?" (Luke 10:36). Once again, the lawyer’s answer is telling of his personal hardness of heart. He cannot bring himself to say the word “Samaritan”; he refers to the “good man” as “he who showed mercy.” His hate for the Samaritans (his neighbors) was so strong that he couldn’t even refer to them in a proper way. Jesus then tells the lawyer to “go and do likewise,” meaning that he should start living what the law tells him to do.
By ending the encounter in this manner, Jesus is telling us to follow the Samaritan’s example in our own conduct; i.e., we are to show compassion and love for those we encounter in our everyday activities. We are to love others (vs. 27) regardless of their race or religion; the criterion is need. If they need and we have the supply, then we are to give generously and freely, without expectation of return. This is an impossible obligation for the lawyer, and for us. We cannot always keep the law because of our human condition; our heart and desires are mostly of self and selfishness. When left to our own, we do the wrong thing, failing to meet the law. We can hope that the lawyer saw this and came to the realization that there was nothing he could do to justify himself, that he needed a personal savior to atone for his lack of ability to save himself from his sins. Thus, the lessons of the Parable of the Good Samaritan are three-fold: (1) we are to set aside our prejudice and show love and compassion for others. (2) Our neighbor is anyone we encounter; we are all creatures of the creator and we are to love all of mankind as Jesus has taught. (3) Keeping the law in its entirety with the intent to save ourselves is an impossible task; we need a savior, and this is Jesus.
There is another possible way to interpret the Parable of the Good Samaritan, and that is as a metaphor. In this interpretation the injured man is all men in their fallen condition of sin. The robbers are Satan attacking man with the intent of destroying their relationship with God. The lawyer is mankind without the true understanding of God and His Word. The priest is religion in an apostate condition. The Levite is legalism that instills prejudice into the hearts of believers. The Samaritan is Jesus who provides the way to spiritual health. Although this interpretation teaches good lessons, and the parallels between Jesus and the Samaritan are striking, this understanding draws attention to Jesus that does not appear to be intended in the text. Therefore, we must conclude that the teaching of the Parable of the Good Samaritan is simply a lesson on what it means to love one’s neighbor.
Photo from here (Madagascar)
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Luke 10:25-37
25 And behold, a certain lawyer stood up and tested Him, saying, “Master, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?”
26 He said unto him, “What is written in the law? How readest thou?”
27 And he answering said, “‘Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind, and thy neighbor as thyself.’”
28 And He said unto him, “Thou hast answered right; this do, and thou shalt live.”
29 But he, wanting to justify himself, said unto Jesus, “And who is my neighbor?”
30 And Jesus answering said, “A certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho and fell among thieves, who stripped him of his raiment and wounded him and departed, leaving him half dead.
31 And by chance there came down a certain priest that way. And when he saw him, he passed by on the other side.
32 And likewise a Levite, when he was at the place, came and looked on him and passed by on the other side.
33 But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was. And when he saw him he had compassion on him,
34 and went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; and he set him on his own beast, and brought him to an inn and took care of him.
35 And on the morrow when he departed, he took out two pence, and gave them to the host and said unto him, ‘Take care of him; and whatsoever thou spendest more, when I come again I will repay thee.’
36 Which now of these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that fell among the thieves?”
37 And he said, “He that showed mercy on him.” Then said Jesus unto him, “Go and do thou likewise.”
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
От Луки 10:25-37New Russian Translation (NRT)
Притча о милосердном самарянине
25 Тут встал один учитель Закона и задал Иисусу вопрос, чтобы испытать Его.
– Учитель, – спросил он, – что мне делать, чтобы наследовать вечную жизнь?
26 – А что сказано в Законе? – спросил в Свою очередь Иисус. – Что ты там читаешь?
27 Тот ответил:
– «Люби Господа, Бога твоего, всем сердцем твоим и всей душой твоей, всей силой твоей и всем разумом твоим»[a], и «ближнего твоего, как самого себя»[b].
28 – Правильно ты ответил, – сказал ему Иисус. – Делай так, и ты будешь жить.
29 Но учитель Закона, желая как-то оправдать себя, спросил:
– А кто мой ближний?
30 В ответ Иисус сказал ему:
– Один человек шел из Иерусалима в Иерихон. По дороге на него напали разбойники, которые раздели его, избили до полусмерти и ушли. 31 Случайно по той же дороге проходил священник и, увидев этого человека, прошел мимо по другой стороне дороги. 32 Так же поступил и левит: дойдя до этого места и увидев пострадавшего, он обошел его стороной. 33 Но вот к тому месту, где он лежал, подошел проезжавший мимо самарянин[c]. Он увидел беднягу и сжалился над ним. 34 Он подошел и перевязал его раны, промыв их маслом и вином. Затем он посадил пострадавшего на своего осла, привез его в гостиницу и там еще ухаживал за ним. 35 На следующий день он дал хозяину гостиницы два динария и сказал: «Присмотри за ним, а когда я буду возвращаться, то оплачу все дополнительные расходы». 36 Кто из этих трех был, по-твоему, ближним человеку, пострадавшему от рук разбойников?
37 Учитель Закона ответил:
– Тот, кто проявил к нему милость.
Тогда Иисус сказал ему:
– Иди и ты поступай так же.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Lucas 10:25-37
A parábola do bom samaritano
25 E eis que se levantou um certo doutor da lei, tentando-o e dizendo: Mestre, que farei para herdar a vida eterna? 26 E ele lhe disse: Que está escrito na lei? Como lês? 27 E, respondendo ele, disse: Amarás ao Senhor, teu Deus, de todo o teu coração, e de toda a tua alma, e de todas as tuas forças, e de todo o teu entendimento e ao teu próximo como a ti mesmo. 28 E disse-lhe: Respondeste bem; faze isso e viverás. 29 Ele, porém, querendo justificar-se a si mesmo, disse a Jesus: E quem é o meu próximo?
30 E, respondendo Jesus, disse: Descia um homem de Jerusalém para Jericó, e caiu nas mãos dos salteadores, os quais o despojaram e, espancando-o, se retiraram, deixando-o meio morto. 31 E, ocasionalmente, descia pelo mesmo caminho certo sacerdote; e, vendo-o, passou de largo. 32 E, de igual modo, também um levita, chegando àquele lugar e vendo-o, passou de largo. 33 Mas um samaritano que ia de viagem chegou ao pé dele e, vendo-o, moveu-se de íntima compaixão. 34 E, aproximando-se, atou-lhe as feridas, aplicando-lhes azeite e vinho; e, pondo-o sobre a sua cavalgadura, levou-o para uma estalagem e cuidou dele;
35 E, partindo ao outro dia, tirou dois dinheiros, e deu-os ao hospedeiro, e disse-lhe: Cuida dele, e tudo o que de mais gastares eu to pagarei, quando voltar. 36 Qual, pois, destes três te parece que foi o próximo daquele que caiu nas mãos dos salteadores? 37 E ele disse: O que usou de misericórdia para com ele. Disse, pois, Jesus: Vai e faze da mesma maneira.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ﻟﻮﻗﺎ 10:25-37
السّامِرِيُّ الصّالِح
25 ثُمَّ وَقَفَ واحِدٌ مِنْ خُبَراءِ الشَّرِيعَةِ لِيَمتَحِنَ يَسُوعَ، فَسَألَهُ: «يا مُعَلِّمُ، ماذا يَنْبَغِيُ أنْ أفعَلَ لِكَي أنالَ الحَياةَ الأبَدِيَّةَ؟»
26 فَقالَ لَهُ يَسُوعُ: «ما المَكتُوبُ فِي الشَّرِيعَةِ؟ وَكَيفَ تَفهَمُهُ؟»
27 فَأجابَ: «مَكتُوبٌ: ‹تُحِبُّ الرَّبَّ إلَهَكَ بِكُلِّ قَلبِكَ، وَبِكُلِّ نَفسِكَ، وَبِكُلِّ قُوَّتِكَ، وَبِكُلِّ عَقلِكَ،› [a] وَمَكتوبٌ أيضاً: ‹تُحِبُّ صاحِبَكَ كَما تُحِبُّ نَفسَكَ.› [b]»
28 فَقالَ لَهُ يَسُوعُ: «هَذا صَحِيْحٌ، افعَلْ هَذا وَسَتَحيا.»
29 لَكِنَّ الرَّجُلَ أرادَ أنْ يُبَرِّرَ سُؤالَهُ، فَقالَ لِيَسُوعَ: «وَمَنْ هُوَ صاحِبي؟»
30 فَأجابَهُ يَسُوعُ: «كانَ رَجُلٌ نازِلاً مِنَ القُدسِ إلَى أرِيحا، فَوَقَعَ فِي أيدِي لُصُوصٍ. فَجَرَّدُوهُ مِنْ مَلابِسِهِ وَضَرَبُوهُ، ثُمَّ مَضُوا وَتَرَكُوهُ بَيْنَ الحَياةِ وَالمَوتِ.
31 فَمَرَّ بِهِ كاهِنٌ كانَ نازِلاً مِنْ تِلكَ الطَّرِيْقِ. فَلَمّا رَآهُ، ذَهَبَ إلَى الجانِبِ الآخَرِ مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ دُونَ أنْ يَلتَفِتَ إلَيهِ. 32 وَكَذَلِكَ مَرَّ لاوِيٌّ [c] مِنْ ذَلِكَ المَكانِ وَرَأى الرَّجُلَ المَضْرُوبَ، فَذَهَبَ إلَى الجانِبِ الآخَرِ أيضاً.
33 لَكِنَّ سامِرِيّاً [d] مُسافِراً مَرَّ بِهِ أيضاً. وَحِينَ رَآهُ تَحَنَّنَ عَلَيْهِ. 34 فَاقتَرَبَ مِنهُ وَضَمَّدَ جِراحَهُ بَعدَ أنْ سَكَبَ عَلَيها زَيتَ زَيتُونٍ وَنَبيذاً. ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُ عَلَى دابَّتِهِ، وَأخَذَهُ إلَى فُندُقٍ وَاعتَنَى بِهِ هُناكَ. 35 وَفِي اليَومِ التّالِي أخرَجَ دِينارَيْنِ [e] مِنَ الفِضَّةِ وَأعطاهُما لِصاحِبِ الفَندُقِ، وَقالَ لَهُ: ‹اعتَنِ بِهِ، وَمَهما زادَ ما تَصرُفُهُ فَإنِّي سَأُعَوِّضُكَ حِيْنَ أعُودُ.›
36 فَمَنْ مِنَ الثَّلاثَةِ تَصَرَّفَ كَصاحِبٍ حَقِيقِيٍّ لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي وَقَعَ فِي أيدِي اللُّصُوصِ فِي اعتِقادِكَ؟»
37 قالَ الخَبِيْرُ فِي الشَّرِيعَةِ: «الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي أظهَرَ لَهُ رَحمَةً.» فَقالَ لَهُ يَسُوعُ: «فَاذْهَبْ وَافعَلْ كَما فَعَلَ.»
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου